Christmas in Croatia is a magical time of year, steeped in traditions that bring communities and families together.
The Christmas season in Croatia officially begins with Advent, a period of four weeks leading up to Christmas. Many Croatian towns and cities, such as Zagreb, Split, and Dubrovnik, host enchanting Advent markets, where you can find artisanal gifts, enjoy seasonal delicacies, and soak up the festive atmosphere. Zagreb’s Advent market, in particular, has gained international acclaim, being named one of the best Christmas markets in Europe multiple times.
Croatian homes and public spaces come alive with Christmas decorations. Nativity scenes („Jaslice“) play a central role, often meticulously crafted and displayed in homes, churches, and public areas. In some regions, families compete to create the most elaborate and beautiful nativity scenes. Another unique Croatian decoration is the planting of wheat („Božićna pšenica“) on December 13th, St. Lucia’s Day. By Christmas Eve, the wheat has grown into lush green shoots, symbolizing new life and prosperity. The wheat is usually tied with red, white, and blue ribbons representing the Croatian flag and placed near the family’s nativity scene.
Christmas Eve („Badnjak“) is a day filled with anticipation and meaningful rituals. Many Croatians observe a fast, refraining from eating meat and instead enjoying dishes like bakalar (dried cod stew) or other seafood specialities. This period of fasting is seen as a time for spiritual reflection and preparation for the celebration of Christ’s birth. In the evening, families gather for a festive meal and attend Midnight Mass („Ponoćka“), one of the most important religious services of the year. Churches are beautifully decorated, and the atmosphere is both solemn and joyous as worshippers sing traditional Christmas carols like „U se vrime godišća“.
Christmas Day („Božić“) is a time for family and feasting. After weeks of preparation, the Christmas table is laden with hearty dishes such as roasted meats, sarma (cabbage rolls filled with minced meat and rice), and various side dishes. Desserts like fritule (mini doughnuts) and medenjaci (gingerbread cookies) add a sweet touch to the celebrations. Exchanging gifts is a cherished part of Christmas Day, especially for children who eagerly await presents from Baby Jesus („Mali Isus“) or St. Nicholas, depending on regional customs.
In Croatia, the festive season doesn’t end with Christmas Day. The celebrations continue through to Epiphany („Sveta Tri Kralja“) on January 6th, marking the arrival of the Three Wise Men. In some regions, people participate in „koledanje,“ a traditional carolling practice where groups go from house to house singing and spreading holiday cheer.
